From the time of the Achaemenid Dynasty the idea of an earthly paradise spread through Persian literature. The Avestan word pairidaêza ( a walled garden)was transliterated into Greek paradeisoi, then rendered into the Latin paradisus, and from there entered into European languages, e.g., French paradis and English paradise.

As the word expresses, such gardens would have been enclosed. The garden's purpose was, and is, to provide a place for protected relaxation in a variety of manners: spiritual, and leisurely, essentially a paradise on earth.

The persian concept of an ideal garden, similar to the paradise can be found in Taj Mahal, in India, which is one of the largest persian gardens all over the world and in Iran in Chahar- Bagh Boulevard in Isfahan (it refers to a popular garden topology consisting in four plots divided by waterways or paths forming a cruciform plan) in Bagh-e Fin in Kashan and all things considered in the garden of the Rahgoshay Museum in Badrood.

Origins

Persian gardens may originate as early as 4000 BCE. Decorated pottery of that time displays the typical cross plan of the Persian garden. The design may feature water channels that run through each of the four gardens and connect to a central pool.

Elements of the Persian garden- Hayāt

Sunlight and its effects were an important factor of structural design in Persian gardens. Textures and shapes were specifically chosen by architects to harness the light.

Iran's dry heat makes shade important in gardens, which would be nearly unusable without it. Plantings of scented flowers like roses,narcisses,lilies,carnations,jasmine,trellises or trees like yews,pines,cypresses, pomegranate trees and vines provide a shady place where life becomes harmonious and timeless.The garden should allow you to catch a glimpse of paradise.

Pavilions and walls are also structurally prominent in blocking the sun.The high walls of the garden are often covered with a dazzling display of tiles.Exuberant floral decorative tiles mixed with intricate arabesque in blue and golden yellow bless the spectator with a space of inner serenity.

The heat also makes water important. A form of underground tunnel below the water table, called a qanat, irrigates the garden and its environs. Well-like structures connected to the qanat enable the drawing of water.

The ground is often covered in gravel flagged with stone. Gardens are often pool-centred which serves as a focus and source of humidity for the surrounding atmosphere.

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